
莎士比亞
《理查三世》是英國劇作家威廉·莎士比亞的作品,描述了理查三世短暫的執政時期,該劇本被認爲創作於大約1591年。這部戲劇有時被分類爲悲劇(早期的四開本),但是更準確的分類應爲歷史劇,如《第一對開本》中作品分類。作品從《亨利六世第三部》展開故事情節,成爲從《理查二世》開始的系列歷史劇的結束。該作品是莎士比亞第二長的劇本,僅次於《哈姆雷特》,由於《第一對開本》中收錄的《哈姆雷特》版本短於先前的四開本,因此《理查三世》是其中最長的劇本。劇本的長度通常被認爲是一個缺點,因爲太長而很少被完整地表演,一些不重要的人物常常被刪減。
《理查三世》是莎士比亞以英格蘭“玫瑰戰爭”後期爲背景創作的歷史劇,故事緊承《亨利六世》三部曲的敘事脈絡——約克家族擊敗蘭開斯特家族後,愛德華四世順利登基,英格蘭暫歸平靜。然而好景不長,愛德華四世猝然離世,留下年幼的王子繼承王位,真正掌控朝政的卻是精於權謀、野心勃勃的弟弟——格羅斯特公爵理查。 理查的權力之路沾滿血腥與陰謀:早年他便在戰場上輔佐兄長奪得王位,待兄長駕崩後,便藉口清除兄長遺孀及其親屬勢力,逐步剷除所有成年男性繼承人,將屠刀對準了自己的兄弟與侄子。他以“護國公”之名總攬朝局,暗中派人在倫敦塔暗殺了年幼的愛德華五世與其弟弟,隨後自立爲王;與此同時,他設計誘捕同母異父的兄長克萊倫斯公爵喬治,將其殘忍溺死於酒桶之中,連母親也對這個泯滅人性的“殺親者”痛加斥責。 登基後的理查三世,雖極力維持表面的繁榮景象,實則讓整個王國陷入人心惶惶的恐怖氛圍。他對所有潛在反對者或囚禁或處死,即便對昔日盟友與功臣也心存猜忌、動輒清算,致使朝堂上下人人自危。爲鞏固自身統治,他強娶慘遭滅門的勃金漢公爵遺孀安妮,但其暴虐成性的行徑與虛僞狡詐的本性,愈發引發全國上下的強烈反感,最終陷入衆叛親離的孤立境地。 理查三世剝奪貴族繼承權的倒行逆施,終於激起大規模的反抗浪潮。流亡在外的亨利·都鐸(即後來的亨利七世)藉機舉兵討伐,兩軍在博斯沃思原野展開決戰,理查三世兵敗被殺,其短暫而黑暗的統治隨之終結,持續多年的血腥玫瑰戰爭也自此落下帷幕。 全劇以理查三世“跛足駝背、心狠手辣”的經典形象爲核心,深刻揭示了權力慾膨脹與道德淪喪的惡性循環:一個以謀殺與背叛起家的篡權者,終究只能以失敗和死亡收場。莎士比亞藉此辛辣警示世人:違背正義奪得的王權,必然因失道寡助而速亡,恰是“取之於不義,必失之於不義”的永恆真理。整部戲劇在陰鬱壓抑的基調中展開,以理查三世的長篇內心獨白揭開其罪惡計劃的序幕,又以他戰敗時的絕望哀嘆收束——昔日的手足親情、羣臣擁戴、帝王美夢皆化爲泡影,最終只留下史書上千古流傳的暴君惡名,以及現代考古在北方停車場下發現的那具冰冷骷髏,爲這段黑暗的歷史添上了沉重的註腳。
又一部極好的“撒旦”故事,閱讀過程就像《紙牌屋》一樣,既對主角的殘暴而憤恨,又帶着一種反派獨特的魅力。而且理查也正如Underwood一樣,每次行惡事時卻又很清醒的表達着自我意識,結合他畸形的外觀和頻頻被質疑、嫌棄的經歷,也在削弱故事中一樁樁慘案帶來的衝擊。以至於作者又在末尾安排了衆多靈魂出來詛咒理查的環節,確保了道德天平的平衡。而直到結局理查面對已成定局的戰事,失去理智像瘋子一樣的在人羣中砍殺:“照我看,戰場上出現了六個里士滿吧——一天裏我殺死了五個,偏漏掉了他!”最終再次絕望的喊出“一匹馬!一匹馬!拿我的王國換匹馬!”時,這種悲壯感終於還是觸動了我。看着他一步走來,用數條生命、種種計謀換來了鮮血淋淋的王位,卻這樣迅速地被摧毀時,這種絕望的吶喊也變成了一種自嘲:我付出的一切、爭奪一生的東西,最終還比不上一匹馬。
五星推薦,喜愛程度與四大悲劇和《安東尼與克莉奧佩特拉》等同。 表面上,理查仁義道德,內心卻狠毒刻薄;通過主角大段的自我剖析,展現“真我”,莎翁將這一角色的形象塑造得立體飽滿。 他像是一條毒蛇,悄無聲息靠近獵物,尋找時機,發出致命一擊;他挑撥離間,將壞影響絲絲縷縷滲入人心和人際關係,步步爲營。隨着劇情的推進,主角醜相畢露,衆叛親離,想要攀登權欲巔峯的貪念將他拋向慾望深淵,機關算盡,最終迎來命定的結局。 但,我依然喜歡這個有魅力的大反派角色!
大學時讀過另一個譯版,當時對玫瑰戰爭的歷史還不熟,總覺得讀得莫名其妙。戲劇性不如哈姆雷特,唏噓感不如麥克白,也不如李爾王震撼,好像理查三世就是個單純的壞人而已。 但逐漸豐富了關於那段歷史的知識,以及各種其他歷史事件,甚至很多當代時事,再來看,不得不說這一部在我心目中的地位急劇飆升幾乎接近no.1 首先想到的是,這個形象可能一直在無意間成爲了絕對反派的模板,首先是相貌和內心醜惡的雞生蛋蛋生雞的關係;其次是他每一次誘騙別人的花言巧語,特別是對安妮和伊麗莎白的表白,以愛之名頭頭是道,非常寫實,現實生活裏這樣的人(或組織)到處都是,讓人氣的想笑;最後是,受到了命運和“正義”的雙重製裁,算是一種美好願望吧,雖然現實裏很多理查三世最終都取得了無可撼動的成功,既沒有沒釘好的馬蹄鐵,人們也等不來自己的亨利都鐸,以至最後成爲冤魂中的一員 翻譯挺不錯,喜歡這個翻譯版本
第一次聽說理查三世,是在《時間的女兒》這本書。莎士比亞筆下的理查徹底黑化,是個形體醜陋、殺人如麻的暴君。爲了瞭解玫瑰戰爭,特意去查了一下維基百科,兩個家族的人物衆多,重名的還特別多,比如:“你有個理查,卻給理查殺害了。”“另一個愛德華也死了,抵償我的愛德華。”和莎士比亞學習一下如何描寫殘忍,邪惡的人物,也是挺有意思的。
我是戀與製作人來的 有沒有一起的🤨😃 說到這個太非了()😵 無劇透評價來咯!😜 莎翁的戲劇張力舞臺表現在這本書裏讓我很有深刻映象啊這篇跌宕起伏的劇目,讓被時間拉長的沖淡的歷史事實在一幕幕戲裏接踵而至,一波未平一波又起。我只能說莎士比亞就是莎士比亞,節奏的把控的行家。最後場面宏大卻又有一絲悲壯淒涼的結尾,也是很經典,豐富化了理查這個人物。在戲劇結尾裏給觀衆留下些什麼 莎翁一向很在行。😏 說到譯者:莎士比亞的文章我基本都看的他翻譯的。很有戲劇的味道。短促的臺詞的節奏感情緒表達很到位,我當時也試着看了下微信讀書別的版本,覺得有些冗長,作爲劇本,臺詞的力量感可能就會被削弱了。⚔️ (美中不足就是,有些屬於微信讀書自己的bug吧 一般一幕的最後一景裏 所有的鏈接 都會跳轉到這一幕的第一景 )🎷
A Comparative Comment on Shakespeare's Historical Dramas, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms," and the Essence of Historical Fiction Historical dramas have always been a significant genre in literature, offering insights into the past while engaging audiences with compelling narratives. Among the myriad of historical dramas, Shakespeare's works and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong stand out as towering achievements. Both delve into historical contexts, but their approaches and the themes they explore differ greatly. Shakespeare's historical dramas, such as "Henry IV," "Henry V," "Richard III," and "Macbeth," are renowned for their intricate plotting, rich characterizations, and profound insights into human nature. Take "Richard III" as an example. This play portrays Richard as a cunning and ambitious ruler who uses deceit and murder to secure his throne. Shakespeare masterfully blends historical events with fictional elements, creating a narrative that is both engaging and thought-provoking. Richard's character is a complex one, embodying the dark side of human nature, as he is driven by his desire for power and willing to sacrifice anyone to achieve it. This portrayal of Richard highlights Shakespeare's ability to capture the essence of historical figures and the broader historical trends, while also offering a commentary on human behavior and societal structures. In contrast, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong takes a more narrative and romanticized approach to history. This Chinese classic weaves together historical facts with folklore, legends, and the author's personal beliefs, creating a vivid and engaging narrative about the Three Kingdoms period in China. While it may not adhere strictly to historical accuracy, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" offers a rich tapestry of characters and dramatic plot twists that entertain readers while also informing them about this pivotal period in Chinese history. When comparing Shakespeare's historical dramas and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms," it becomes evident that both genres aim to capture the spirit of their respective historical periods while adding layers of fiction to enhance their storytelling. However, they differ in their approaches to historical accuracy and cultural contexts. Shakespeare prioritizes dramatic effect and character development over strict historical fact, while "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" incorporates a wide range of historical and fictional elements, sometimes blurring the line between what is real and what is imagined. Moreover, the cultural contexts in which these works were created also shape their narratives. Shakespeare's dramas reflect the political and social dynamics of Renaissance England, while "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is steeped in the traditions and values of ancient China. These cultural differences are evident in the characters' motivations, the themes explored, and the overall tone of the narratives. In conclusion, both Shakespeare's historical dramas and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" offer unique perspectives on history and human nature. Shakespeare's dramas, with their intricate plotting and rich characterizations, provide a commentary on human behavior and societal structures, while "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" offers a romanticized and engaging narrative about a pivotal period in Chinese history. Whether through Shakespeare's intricate plotting and characterizations or Luo Guanzhong's romanticized historical narrative, these works continue to inspire and captivate audiences worldwide. They remind us of the complexities of human nature and the enduring power of historical fiction to engage and educate us about the past.
非常純正的反派風味,一口氣讀下來很暢快,很完整的故事線,在“我的王位換一匹馬”這句整個故事達到高潮。但是不瞭解歷史有些地方不太懂,或許瞭解後看會更瞭解。
劇本中刻畫的理查三世的形象並不是真實的,是一種誇張的醜化,但畢竟莎翁所處的時代,這一形象已經深入人心,所以也就不算什麼大問題。單就從一個外人的角度來看,他的暴虐、貪婪與陰險狡詐,給人的印象還是很深刻的。 另外一點,我認爲莎翁對宏大場面的控制能力在這本書中提現得相當不錯,從宮廷陰謀到戰場廝殺都能兼顧,終於看了個過癮——大概是之前看的《雅典人泰門》和《居里厄斯·愷撒》兩本太潦草了,這本一下子把水平拔得很高。的確莎翁的歷史劇比悲喜劇寫得都好。 好了這一套20本的莎翁經典劇全部看完了。統計了一下差不多才是莎翁全集的一半(莎翁一生共寫過37個劇本和不少詩歌,這一套是19個劇本和一些十四行詩),後面還是有不少可以看的。
RICHARD Ay, and much more. But I was born so high 373 , Our eyrie 374 buildeth in the cedar's top, And dallies with 375 the wind and scorns the sun 376 . 373 so high this high (i.e. noble) 374 eyrie nest/brood of young birds of prey (especially eagles, king of birds)/noble stock of children 375 dallies with teases, plays with 376 scorns the sun eagles were thought to be able to gaze unblinkingly into the sun 理查 是的,簡直是心有慼慼。 但我生爲貴胄, 宛如鷹巢築於雲杉之梢, 以對日臨風爲戲。 ——《理查三世》 最近醉心於莎翁的歷史劇,主要涉及英國中世紀的四大王朝和八位皇帝。分別是金雀花王朝中的無地王約翰,愛德華三世和理查二世;蘭開斯特王朝的三位皇帝亨利四世(上下兩部),亨利五世和亨利六世(上中下三部);約克王朝的理查三世,以及都鐸王朝的亨利八世,一共十一部。(其中《愛德華三世》於1998年被確認爲莎士比亞的作品。) Kings and Queens 加上莎翁的生花妙筆,歷史就在眼前。 他非一代騷人,實屬萬古千秋。 He was not of an age, but for all time; ——本·瓊森(Ben Jonson)