易燃物匯聚 YouTube 有聲書與書評
上古神話演義(原版) 封面

上古神話演義(原版)

[清]鍾毓龍/著

3757人在讀
99.7萬字總字數
¥9.9定價

內容簡介

《上古神話演義》是鍾毓龍考據五百餘部古籍而成的傳記體小說。書中核心圍繞陽神與陰神的千年紛爭展開,陽神一派以救世安人爲任,陰神一派則意圖毀天滅地,兩派的持續衝突串聯起整部上古史。它幾乎囊括所有經典上古傳說,既有女媧造人、羿射九日等家喻戶曉的故事,也詳盡記載了相柳之禍、三苗之亂等少爲人知的傳說,同時兼具神話奇幻與歷史厚重,既描繪了神祇異獸、祕境奇觀,也展現了上古禮儀確立、部族遷徙融合、鯀禹治水艱辛等文明演進細節,堪稱“上古神話的百科全書”。

讀者書評

★★★★★

這本3000多頁的書我竟然堅持多了18天,讀了40個小時。讀它的初衷是看到希臘神話有系統的故事,而中國神話相對零散。這本書雖不算完美,但也能填補這份遺憾,讓我瞭解了中國上古神話的全貌。它基本上是以治水爲主線展開的,也有不少山海經的故事,受益良多。

★★★★★

從神話到文明:堯舜禹留給我們的生命答案 ——讀《上古神話演義》有感五個月前,我用了很長一段時間讀完鍾毓龍的《上古神話演義》,全書160回,近百萬字。Five months ago, I spent a long period reading Zhong Yulong’s Ancient Mythological Romance, a monumental work of 160 chapters and nearly one million Chinese characters. 那不是一次普通的閱讀,而像是沿着一條漫長的文明之河,從天地初開一路走到堯、舜、禹,再走到中華早期文明的形成。It was more than an ordinary reading experience; it felt like following a long river of civilization from the creation of heaven and earth through Yao, Shun, and Yu toward the emergence of early Chinese civilization. 當時讀完,我更多沉浸在宏大的神話世界裏;五個月後重新回望,我才逐漸發現,這部書真正值得我們今天閱讀的,並不是神話有多麼奇異,而是神話背後隱藏着一個人類永恆的問題:我們究竟如何從混沌走向文明?When I first finished it, I was immersed mainly in its magnificent mythological world; five months later, I began to see that its deepest value today lies not in the strangeness of its myths, but in the eternal human question beneath them: How do we move from chaos toward civilization? 一、神話,是人類最早的世界模型I. Myth as Humanity’s Earliest Model of the World《上古神話演義》從盤古開天地、女媧造人等遠古傳說寫起,把一個充滿神靈、巨獸、奇山異水和未知世界的宇宙呈現在讀者面前。Ancient Mythological Romance begins with primordial creation myths such as Pangu separating heaven and earth and Nüwa creating humanity, presenting a universe filled with gods, mythical creatures, strange mountains, rivers, and unknown lands. 今天看來,其中許多故事顯然不能作爲科學意義上的事實理解。From a modern perspective, many of these stories clearly cannot be understood as scientific fact. 但這並不意味着它們沒有價值。That does not mean they lack value. 恰恰相反,神話是遠古人類面對未知世界時最早建立的“認知模型”。On the contrary, mythology was one of humanity’s earliest cognitive models for confronting the unknown. 太陽爲什麼升起?Why does the sun rise? 雷電從哪裏來?Where does thunder come from? 人從哪裏來?Where did humanity come from? 洪水爲什麼發生?Why do floods occur? 死亡以後又去了哪裏?Where do we go after death? 在科學尚未誕生的時代,人類只能用想象、象徵和故事回答這些問題。Before science emerged, humanity answered such questions through imagination, symbolism, and stories. 因此,神話雖然不一定是真實的歷史,卻是真實的人類心靈史。Myths may not always be literal history, but they are genuine records of the human imagination. 從這個角度看,《上古神話演義》不僅是在講故事,也是在保存中華民族最早的宇宙想象。From this perspective, Ancient Mythological Romance is not merely telling stories; it is preserving some of the earliest Chinese visions of the universe. 二、女媧補天:文明始於修復世界II. Nüwa Repairing Heaven: Civilization Begins by Repairing the World書中的女媧補天,是我重新回顧全書時最喜歡的一個象徵。Nüwa repairing the heavens is one of the symbols I appreciate most when looking back on the entire work. 天地破裂,秩序崩壞,女媧沒有隻是哀嘆世界出了問題,而是親自煉石補天。When heaven and earth are broken and order collapses, Nüwa does not merely lament the disaster; she takes responsibility for repairing the heavens. 如果把這個故事從神話中抽離出來,它其實揭示了文明的一個基本結構:If we strip the story of its mythology, it reveals a fundamental structure of civilization: 發現問題,然後承擔修復問題的責任。See the problem, then take responsibility for repairing it. 文明從來不是一個天然完美的系統。Civilization is never a naturally perfect system. 它是在一次次災難、衝突和混亂中,不斷修補、調整和重建出來的。It is built through repeated cycles of disaster, conflict, disorder, repair, adjustment, and reconstruction. 女媧補天如此。So is Nüwa repairing the heavens. 堯舜治天下如此。So is Yao and Shun governing the world. 大禹治水同樣如此。And so is Yu controlling the floods. 這條線索貫穿全書,也貫穿整個人類文明史。 This thread runs through the entire book and, in a broader sense, through the history of human civilization. 三、從黃帝到堯:文明開始超越單純的力量III. From the Yellow Emperor to Yao: Civilization Moves Beyond Force黃帝與蚩尤的故事,讓我們看到上古世界中力量、戰爭、部落和秩序之間的複雜關係。The story of the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou reveals the complex relationship among force, warfare, tribes, and order in the ancient world. 在人類文明早期,力量往往決定秩序。In early human societies, force often determined order. 誰更強大,誰就擁有更多資源和更大的話語權。Whoever was stronger possessed greater resources and influence. 但僅僅依靠力量,無法建立持久的文明。Yet force alone cannot create lasting civilization. 當社會不斷發展,一個更深的問題開始出現:As society develops, a deeper question emerges: 除了力量,人類還能靠什麼建立秩序?Besides force, what else can human beings use to create order? 答案逐漸從“武力”走向“德”。The answer gradually moves from force toward virtue. 而堯的出現,使這一主題變得更加清晰。 The emergence of Yao makes this transformation especially clear. 四、堯:權力最大的考驗,是能不能放下權力IV. Yao: The Greatest Test of Power Is the Ability to Let It Go《上古神話演義》中的堯,並不只是一個古代帝王。Yao in Ancient Mythological Romance is more than an ancient ruler. 他代表了中國文化對於“理想領導者”的一種早期想象。He represents an early Chinese vision of the ideal leader. 一個真正的領導者,不是擁有權力以後可以隨心所欲,而是權力越大,越能夠剋制自己。A true leader is not someone who can do whatever he wishes after gaining power, but someone who exercises greater restraint as power increases. 堯最值得後人思考的地方,正是他的“讓賢”。One of the most thought-provoking aspects of Yao is his willingness to entrust authority to others. 站在權力頂峯的人,爲什麼願意讓出位置?Why would someone at the summit of power willingly give up that position? 因爲真正的領導力,不是永遠抓住權力,而是知道什麼時候應該把權力交給更合適的人。Because true leadership is not holding power forever, but knowing when to entrust it to someone more suitable. 這對今天仍然有意義。This remains meaningful today. 一個人的能力越大,責任應該越大;一個人的影響力越大,自我約束也應該越強。The greater one’s ability, the greater one’s responsibility; the greater one’s influence, the stronger one’s self-restraint should become. 這也是“仁”的重要內涵。This is an important dimension of benevolence. 五、舜:真正的強大,是受到傷害之後仍然保持善意V. Shun: True Strength Is Remaining Kind After Being Hurt如果說堯體現了理想的政治人格,那麼舜體現的則是一種更加貼近普通人的人格力量。If Yao embodies an ideal political character, Shun embodies a form of moral strength closer to ordinary human life. 舜出身並不顯赫,甚至長期遭受家庭中的排斥和傷害。Shun was not born into privilege and suffered rejection and mistreatment within his family. 但他沒有讓這些經歷把自己變成一個充滿怨恨的人。Yet he did not allow these experiences to turn him into a resentful person. 這讓我重新理解了一個非常重要的道理:This led me to reconsider an important truth: 別人如何對待你,是別人的選擇;你最終成爲什麼樣的人,是自己的選擇。How others treat you is their choice; what you ultimately become is your choice. 這並不是說我們應該否認傷害,也不是說面對不公要一味忍讓。This does not mean denying harm or passively accepting injustice. 它真正強調的是:不要讓別人的惡,自動複製到自己身上。It means not allowing another person’s wrongdoing to automatically reproduce itself through us. 如果一個人受到傷害之後,仍然能夠保持清醒、善良和尊嚴,那麼他實際上已經完成了一種非常深的自我超越。If a person can remain clear-minded, kind, and dignified after being hurt, that person has achieved a profound form of self-transcendence. 所以我越來越喜歡一句話:This is why I increasingly value one sentence: 看清現實之後,心仍然柔軟。See reality clearly while keeping the heart gentle. 六、大禹治水:從神話英雄到系統思維VI. Yu Controlling the Floods: From Mythical Hero to Systems Thinking如果說堯、舜更多解決的是“人”的問題,那麼禹面對的就是天地之間最巨大的現實問題之一:洪水。If Yao and Shun primarily deal with the problem of human beings, Yu faces one of the greatest practical challenges of the natural world: the floods. 鯀治水失敗,禹繼承父親未完成的事業。Gun fails to control the floods, and Yu inherits the unfinished task. 於是,中國文化中最著名的治水故事之一展開了。Thus begins one of the most famous flood-control stories in Chinese culture. 禹跋山涉水,考察地形,疏導水勢,開山鑿嶺。Yu travels through mountains and rivers, studies the terrain, redirects water, and cuts through mountains. 如果拋開神話外衣,這實際上是一種非常現代的思維:Beneath its mythological form, this reflects a remarkably modern way of thinking: 不要只和問題對抗,要先理解問題的結構。Do not merely fight a problem; first understand its structure. 水勢有自己的規律。Water has its own dynamics. 治理洪水不能只靠蠻力堵塞,而要理解水往哪裏流、爲什麼流,以及如何順勢而爲。Flood control cannot rely solely on forceful obstruction; one must understand where water flows, why it flows, and how to work with its natural dynamics. 這其實已經非常接近今天的系統科學、工程學和算法思維。This is remarkably close to modern systems science, engineering, and algorithmic thinking. 面對複雜系統,我們首先應該研究它,而不是急着征服它。When facing a complex system, we should first study it rather than rush to conquer it. 找到結構。Find the structure. 找到規律。Find the pattern. 然後順着規律解決問題。Then solve the problem by working with the pattern. 七、“三過家門而不入”:責任需要行動來證明VII. “Passing Three Times Without Entering His Home”: Responsibility Requires Action大禹治水最著名的故事,是“三過家門而不入”。One of the most famous episodes in Yu’s story is his passing his own home three times without entering. 這個故事之所以流傳數千年,是因爲它把“責任”從一個抽象詞變成了具體行動。The story has survived for thousands of years because it turns the abstract concept of responsibility into concrete action. 禹不是沒有家庭,也不是沒有感情。Yu had a family and human emotions. 而是在巨大的公共責任面前,他選擇把更大的事情放在眼前。But in the face of enormous public responsibility, he chose to place the larger task first. 今天我們當然沒有必要機械地複製“三過家門而不入”。Today, we do not need to mechanically imitate this sacrifice. 但這個故事仍然值得我們問自己:Yet it still asks us: 當個人利益和更大的責任發生衝突時,我願意承擔什麼?When personal interest conflicts with a larger responsibility, what am I willing to take on? 文明之所以能夠不斷向前,很大程度上就是因爲總有人願意承擔那些別人不願意承擔的事情。Civilization advances in large part because some people are willing to undertake responsibilities that others are unwilling to carry. 八、從堯舜禹看“仁”:不是口號,而是一種行動結構VIII. Benevolence in Yao, Shun, and Yu: Not a Slogan but a Structure of Action如果把堯、舜、禹放在一起看,就會發現三個人其實形成了一條非常清晰的精神線索。Seen together, Yao, Shun, and Yu form a remarkably clear spiritual trajectory. 堯代表的是責任與讓賢。Yao represents responsibility and the willingness to yield authority. 舜代表的是逆境中的德性。Shun represents virtue under adversity. 禹代表的是面對現實問題的行動力。Yu represents action in the face of real-world problems. 三者共同構成了中國傳統文化中“仁”的一個重要形象。Together, they form an important image of benevolence in traditional Chinese culture. 仁不是軟弱。Benevolence is not weakness. 仁是有能力,卻不濫用能力。It means having power without abusing it. 仁是受到傷害,卻不繼續製造傷害。It means being hurt without passing the harm onward. 仁是看見問題,就願意承擔解決問題的責任。It means seeing a problem and accepting responsibility for solving it. 所以真正的仁,最終一定會進入行動。True benevolence must ultimately enter action. 九、從神話到文明:人開始承擔改變世界的責任IX. From Myth to Civilization: Humanity Takes Responsibility for Changing the World《上古神話演義》還有一個非常值得注意的變化:故事越往後,人類自身的作用越來越重要。Another important transformation in the book is that as the story progresses, human agency becomes increasingly important. 早期世界充滿神靈和超自然力量。The early world is filled with gods and supernatural forces. 到了堯舜禹,人開始越來越主動地治理天下。By the time of Yao, Shun, and Yu, human beings increasingly take responsibility for governing the world. 這意味着一種重要的文明成熟:This represents an important stage of civilizational maturity: 人不再只是等待神來拯救世界,而開始自己承擔改變世界的責任。Human beings no longer merely wait for gods to save the world; they begin taking responsibility for changing it themselves. 今天回頭看,這種精神仍然非常重要。Looking back today, this spirit remains deeply relevant. 面對環境問題,我們需要行動。Facing environmental problems, we need action. 面對教育問題,我們需要創造。Facing educational problems, we need creation. 面對信息洪流,我們需要建立新的秩序。Facing the flood of information, we need new forms of order. 面對AI帶來的巨大變化,我們需要重新思考人類應該把自己的能力用在哪裏。Facing the enormous changes brought by AI, we need to reconsider where humanity should direct its abilities. 真正的文明,不是等待救世主,而是讓更多普通人擁有解決問題的能力。True civilization is not about waiting for saviors, but about enabling more people to develop the ability to solve problems. 十、古代的洪水與今天的信息洪流X. The Ancient Floods and Today’s Flood of Information讀到禹治水的時候,我常常會想到今天的人類社會。When I read about Yu controlling the floods, I often think of modern society. 古人面對的是自然界的洪水。The ancients faced floods in nature. 今天我們面對的,卻是一場前所未有的信息洪水。Today we face an unprecedented flood of information. 每天都有海量新聞、短視頻、社交媒體、廣告和各種算法推薦進入我們的意識。Every day, enormous amounts of news, short videos, social media, advertising, and algorithmic recommendations enter our minds. 信息越來越多,智慧卻不一定越來越多。More information does not necessarily mean more wisdom. 相反,如果沒有篩選能力,信息越多,心越容易混亂。Without the ability to filter, more information can produce more inner disorder. 所以現代人同樣需要“治水”。Modern people therefore need their own form of flood control. 不是消滅信息,而是建立自己的河道。Not eliminating information, but building channels through which information can flow. 知道什麼值得讀。Know what is worth reading. 知道什麼值得思考。Know what is worth thinking about. 知道什麼應該放下。Know what should be left alone. 把信息變成知識。Turn information into knowledge. 把知識變成理解。Turn knowledge into understanding. 把理解變成行動。Turn understanding into action. 再把行動變成創造。Then turn action into creation. 這也許就是今天的大禹治水。Perhaps this is the modern equivalent of Yu controlling the floods. 十一、爲什麼五個月後,我還會重新想起這本書XI. Why I Returned to This Book Five Months Later一本書讀完以後,真正重要的並不是記住了多少人物和情節。After finishing a book, what matters most is not how many characters or episodes we remember. 真正重要的是,它有沒有改變我們看世界的方式。What matters is whether it changes the way we see the world. 五個月以前,我讀《上古神話演義》,看到的是神話。Five months ago, I saw mythology. 五個月以後,我重新看到的是文明。Five months later, I see civilization. 女媧補天,讓我看到修復。Nüwa repairing heaven makes me see repair. 堯讓我看到責任和權力的剋制。Yao makes me see responsibility and restraint in the use of power. 舜讓我看到逆境中的人格。Shun makes me see character under adversity. 禹讓我看到行動、工程和系統思維。Yu makes me see action, engineering, and systems thinking. 而整部書讓我看到的,是人類文明從混沌走向秩序的漫長過程。And the entire book makes me see humanity’s long journey from chaos toward order. 這也是經典真正奇妙的地方。This is what makes a classic so remarkable. 書沒有變。The book has not changed. 變的是讀書的人。The reader has changed. 十二、今天重新讀上古,我們究竟應該繼承什麼XII. What Should We Inherit from Antiquity Today?我們當然不可能回到上古時代。We cannot return to the ancient world. 也沒有必要把神話中的每一個細節都當作歷史事實。Nor do we need to treat every detail of mythology as literal history. 真正值得繼承的,是古人面對世界時的精神。What is worth inheriting is the spirit with which ancient people confronted the world. 面對未知,保持想象。In the face of the unknown, preserve imagination. 面對混亂,尋找秩序。In the face of chaos, seek order. 面對權力,保持克制。In the face of power, practice restraint. 面對傷害,保持人格。In the face of harm, preserve character. 面對困難,承擔責任。In the face of difficulty, accept responsibility. 面對未知世界,勇於探索。In the face of the unknown, explore courageously. 面對現實問題,尋找規律。In the face of real problems, search for underlying patterns. 這些精神,放到今天仍然有效。These principles remain relevant today. 甚至在AI時代,它們可能更加重要。They may be even more important in the age of AI. 因爲技術可以越來越強大,但技術不會自動告訴我們“應該把力量用在哪裏”。Technology can become increasingly powerful, but technology does not automatically tell us where that power ought to be used. 能力越強,越需要價值。The greater the ability, the greater the need for values. 工具越強,越需要方向。The more powerful the tool, the more important the direction. 知識越多,越需要智慧。The more knowledge we possess, the more wisdom we need. 結語:從上古流到今天的那條河 Conclusion: The River That Flows from Antiquity to Us五個月前,我合上《上古神話演義》的最後一頁,以爲自己讀完了一本古老的神話小說。Five months ago, I closed the final page of Ancient Mythological Romance thinking that I had finished an ancient mythological novel. 今天重新回望,我才發現,我讀到的其實是一部關於“人如何成爲人”的漫長寓言。Looking back today, I realize that I had actually read a long allegory about how human beings become fully human. 從盤古開天地,到女媧補天;From Pangu creating the world to Nüwa repairing heaven; 從黃帝征戰,到堯舜治世;From the Yellow Emperor’s wars to the governance of Yao and Shun; 從舜在逆境中守住德性,到禹跋山涉水治理洪水;From Shun preserving virtue amid adversity to Yu crossing mountains and rivers to control the floods; 整部書其實一直在講同一件事情:The entire book is ultimately telling one story: 人類如何把混沌變成秩序,把力量變成責任,把知識變成文明。How humanity transforms chaos into order, power into responsibility, and knowledge into civilization. 而這條道路,並沒有在上古時代結束。And this journey did not end in antiquity. 它一直延續到今天。It continues today. 我們仍然需要治理自己的生命。We still need to bring order to our own lives. 治理自己的慾望。We need to govern our desires. 治理自己的注意力。We need to govern our attention. 治理信息洪流。We need to navigate the flood of information. 學習新的知識。We need to learn new knowledge. 理解新的技術。We need to understand new technologies. 並且不斷追問:And continually ask: 我們究竟希望把這個世界帶向哪裏?Where do we want to take this world? 也許,這正是五個月後重新回望《上古神話演義》時,我得到的最大收穫。 Perhaps this is the greatest lesson I take from revisiting Ancient Mythological Romance five months later. 上古神話講的是天地初開。Ancient mythology tells of the opening of heaven and earth. 而今天的人類,正在參與另一場“開天闢地”。Humanity today is participating in another kind of creation of worlds. AI正在改變知識的生產方式。AI is transforming the production of knowledge. 數學正在幫助我們理解宇宙更深層的結構。Mathematics is helping us understand deeper structures of the universe. 科學正在不斷拓展人類的邊界。Science continues to expand the boundaries of human possibility. 而我們真正需要繼承的,不是古人的神力,而是古人的精神。What we need to inherit is not the supernatural power of the ancients, but their spirit. 有願心,所以能夠出發;With aspiration, we can begin; 有仁心,所以不忘衆生;With benevolence, we do not forget others; 有智慧,所以能夠看見規律;With wisdom, we can perceive patterns; 有行動,所以能夠改變現實。With action, we can transform reality. 從盤古、女媧,到堯、舜、禹,再到今天的我們,這條文明之河仍在向前流。From Pangu and Nüwa to Yao, Shun, and Yu, and finally to us today, the river of civilization continues to flow. 我們每一個人,都在河流之中。Each of us is within that river. 而我們每天的選擇,也許都在決定它下一段將流向哪裏。And our choices each day may help determine where its next course will lead. 所以,讀完這部近百萬字的《上古神話演義》,我最後留下的並不是一個關於上古世界的答案。So after reading this nearly million-character work, I am left not with a final answer about the ancient world. 而是一個關於今天的問題:I am left with a question about today: 當我們擁有比古人強大得多的知識、工具和技術之後,我們有沒有變得更加有智慧、更加有責任感,也更加懂得如何善待這個世界?Now that we possess knowledge, tools, and technologies far more powerful than those of the ancients, have we also become wiser, more responsible, and more capable of caring for this world? 也許,這纔是上古神話真正照耀今天的地方。Perhaps this is where ancient mythology truly illuminates the present. 天地很大,人生很短。The universe is vast, and life is short. 願我們繼承古人的仁心與智慧,又擁有現代人的科學與創造力。May we inherit the benevolence and wisdom of the ancients while embracing the science and creativity of the modern world. 讓混沌少一點,讓秩序多一點;讓痛苦少一點,讓智慧多一點;讓自己這一生,成爲文明長河中一股向善、向真、向美的力量。May there be a little less chaos and a little more order, a little less suffering and a little more wisdom; may our lives become a force moving toward goodness, truth, and beauty within the long river of civilization.

★★★☆☆

以前在網上看到過這樣一個問題: “三國時期有炮嗎,爲什麼《三國演義》裏總出現“一聲炮響”的描寫?” 有網友這樣回答: “三國時期當然沒有。 至於《三國演義》會出現此類描寫的原因也很簡單:等到小說創作的時代(元明時期),炮和火藥都已經出現了。 嚴格來說,肯定算穿幫了。 但沒辦法,古典小說基本都出現過這方面的問題。 比如《西遊記》,雖然講的唐朝之事,不少官職和機構可都明顯是明代纔開始有的,像總兵、錦衣衛、司禮監、東城兵馬司等。 《水滸傳》也差不多,提到的地名好幾個都是北宋滅亡後纔有的,例如泰安州、東昌府等。 PS: 另外有些版本的馬麟會被稱爲“南京建康人氏”,也明顯穿幫了,因爲宋朝的“南京”其實在如今的河南省商丘市。 不過這些穿幫現象也並非毫無價值,很多時候可以通過他們來判斷小說的成書年代呢” —————————— 爲什麼我要提起這個回答呢?因爲這本《上古神話演義》,雖然已經不完全算是古代人寫的(作者鍾毓龍出生於清末,逝世時已經是1970年),但它在文體上依然是古典演義小說,它也同樣有着上述回答裏古典小說常見的問題。比如說,書裏的帝嚳、帝堯等人居然會自稱“朕”(朕一開始指的是船縫,直到秦始皇時期才被定爲皇帝自稱),又比如書中動不動一句“古人云”,然後跟着的居然是《詩經》、乃至《孟子》、《逍遙遊》這些相較小說背景年代幾千年後的書籍裏面的句子…… 需要明確的是,古代作家寫小說穿幫多半是客觀條件導致的。他們寫作的年代,一方面查找資料不方便,一方面他們的目標讀者也是不在乎歷史考據的古典市民,那些讀者往往會認爲自從古人擺脫了茹毛飲血以後,幾千年來他們的生活方式就一直沒有變過,是故既然他們有饅頭喫,那秦漢時期的古人也一定可以做出發酵食品來。也就是說,對古典小說而言,考據歷史細節是費力不討好的行爲。但這本《上古神話演義》成書年代已經是20世紀30年代,而且作者本人也絕非短聞少識之人,他的小說裏很多“不合時代”的內容明顯不是疏忽而是刻意爲之,比如女媧和伏羲討論男女平等問題,又或者大禹一行人在治水途中遇到“鸚鵡螺號”等等。同時,作者既然在書中加入了那麼多民國時期的流行元素,他的目標讀者必然也是走在時代潮頭的人,換句話說,接受過新式教育的學生們。他們的歷史素養相比古代的市井人士要更高,至少絕對應該知道五帝時代的統治者不應該自稱“朕”。因此,書中的很多穿幫之處,除了能明確是作者在“玩梗”的部分,其他的都只能歸咎於作者的大意了。 不過,就像我引述的回答裏的最後一句一樣,“這些穿幫現象也並非毫無價值,很多時候可以通過他們來判斷小說的成書年代”。自然,不用考據,我們也知道這本書寫在民國時期。不過,通過這本書,我們也可以看出一個在封建社會成長的舊式知識分子在社會劇變中一面試圖跟上時代、一面又食古不化的矛盾心態。比如,作者讓女媧肯定男女平等的理念,卻又用各種情節來表現男女自由戀愛會敗壞社會風氣。又比如作者信奉長幼尊卑有序,父子之間、師生之間應當等級森嚴,絕不可能平等,因此在書中借角色之口對子女要求獨立、學生批評老師的現象大加撻伐,但又悲哀地表示這些他心目中的歪理“幾千年後會佔據上風也尤未可知”。再比如作者成書時期正是中國積貧積弱的年代,天朝上國的幻景徹底破滅,但書中反而頻繁出現外國因爲傾慕中華上國而入朝進貢、甚至某個外國人一聽說對面的人來自中國就肅然起敬的情節。還比如大禹治水時動輒作法請神,卻會認爲野人對瘧疾的解釋是“迷信之談”,彷彿突然講起科學來了,而且之前大禹請來的神仙連蜚獸製造的災疫都可以化解,面對瘧疾反而沒法救人了,大概作者見識過現實中的瘧疾有多可怕吧。 說了這麼多,還沒有講到這本小說本身的質量。其實,雖然我對作者因爲不細心導致了種種穿幫、以及他借小說這個平臺頻繁輸出個人觀點的行爲感到不滿。但只要劇情足夠流暢、角色足夠出彩,換句話說就是小說本身足夠好看,這些問題對我來說都不是什麼致命缺陷。遺憾的是,在劇情和人物這兩個關鍵重大的問題上,《上古神話演義》依然沒有交出讓我足夠滿意的答卷。首先是劇情方面,可以看出,作者是想以治水爲主線,將所有中國上古神話故事通通囊括在內。這個想法很好,但超出了作者的劇情設計能力,以至於小說中經常性的出現這類情節:角色們旅行到某處,看到某個奇觀/某種異獸,於是其中一名角色“有感而發”,突然開始講某個神話故事,讀者也不得不把視角由他們正在做的事情轉移到他們講的故事上。這種劇情連角色本身的回憶殺都算不上,卻把主線劇情拆的七零八落。這甚至還不是最嚴重的劇情問題,到了本書中後期,作者乾脆將《山海經》裏的內容成章成章地塞進大禹治水的故事裏,讀者要看十幾章大禹來到一個國家、領略一番風情、發表一通見解的流水賬情節,至少對我而言,這一大段劇情實在是很難捱了。 前面提到了流水線劇情,但假如經歷這些劇情的人物形象足夠鮮明,讀者還能有些看“日常互動”的興趣。可惜,作者塑造人物並非沒有水平,但到了最需要人物出彩的情節,他卻拉胯了。作者塑造主角差強人意,帝嚳、帝堯、帝舜三人是大同小異的至聖仁君。同時舜作爲“親憎我,孝方賢”式的封建孝道恪守者,他的很多情節符合舊社會的道德規範,但在現代讀者看來,反而會哀其不幸、怒其不爭,看得非常不愉快。夏禹倒是一個不同於上述三人的明君形象。他“不尚德而尚功”,在性格上有像其父鯀一樣的暴烈一面,卻依然成爲了一個賢人,他是“公天下”的尾聲,也是“家天下”的序幕。這個角色本來可以寫成一個複雜的正面人物,可惜作者寫到後面似乎把握不好平衡,一會似乎要讓大禹在繼位以後以極快的速度墮落下去,比如寫他恢復肉刑、施行徭役、飲酒過度、勞民傷財,一會又大量描寫大禹知錯能改、禮賢下士、扶助黎民百姓,並且直接在旁白裏定性禹是大聖人。就這樣禹的形象在“公者”和“私者”之間反覆傾倒,直到走完了誅殺防風氏的流程,馬上就棄世昇仙了。 至於作者對配角的塑造,就更是乏善可陳。小說前期,作者尚能塑造出司衡羿這樣剛烈正直的正面配角,三兇、逢蒙等反派也是有血有肉。但從舜的個人章節開始,作者的配角描寫水平可以說迅速回落到了古典小說的一般水平,他寫了一堆彷彿複製粘貼出來的人物,讓他們經常性地扎堆出現,然後像報菜名一樣把他們的名字報一遍。比如舜的七友、禹的隨從如橫革真窺之交國哀、八元八愷等等。讀者對於他們,除了知道他們都是好人以外,似乎很難擁有什麼深刻印象。再比如雲華夫人、天地十四將等神仙,除了黃魔這個莽夫的形象稍微突出一點,其他的基本也就是幫助大禹克服困難的工具人。而反派也變成了各種惡神兇獸,除了展現神通然後被大禹一行人破解並打敗以外,基本沒有什麼塑造可言。於是,本就劇情流水賬的“大禹遊海外”情節,攤上這一堆人物,就變成了:一堆看不出什麼差別的角色,在一個又一個表面上千奇百怪的國家,進行一場場流程相近的冒險。作者的人物塑造不但沒能掩蓋劇情上的乏力,反而把劇情問題放大了。

★★★☆☆

《上古神話演義》(清•鍾毓龍)是作者考據五百餘部古籍之後,就中國上古時期的歷史演變過程,進行了較爲完整的推導,寫成的一部傳記體小說。全書內容浩瀚,故事駁雜,且有諸多神話故事的敘事邏輯凌亂,讀來令人茫然;所幸“女媧造人”、“嫦娥奔月”、“羿射九日”、“大禹治水”和堯舜禹謙和“禪讓”等等,中國傳統文化中傳承的神話故事精品,敘述生動有趣,令人耳目一新,尚堪閱讀。

★★★★★

透過神話覓初心 ---讀《上古神話演義》有感 【讀者:雄安·強哥】 翻開清代鍾毓龍先生所著的《上古神話演義》,仿若推開一扇穿越千年的大門,踏入華夏民族混沌初開的遠古洪荒。 這部作品以嚴謹的文史考據、細膩生動的文學筆觸,將散落在古籍裏的上古神話串聯成篇,把盤古開天、女媧造人、三皇五帝、大禹治水等流傳千古的傳說,演繹成一部波瀾壯闊、脈絡清晰的文明長卷,讓我們在光怪陸離的神話世界裏,探尋華夏民族的起源根脈,感悟先祖的智慧風骨,更對中華優秀傳統文化有了直擊心底的深刻認知。 身爲清代飽學之士,鍾毓龍先生並未簡單堆砌神話傳說,而是博採經史典籍、梳理文脈脈絡,將碎片化的遠古故事熔鑄爲邏輯嚴謹、情節鮮活的演義篇章。從混沌無極到天地剖分,從人類肇始到部族繁衍,從蠻荒求生到文明初興,從天下紛亂到聖王治世,一段段遠古傳奇、一個個鮮活人物,在書中徐徐鋪展、躍然紙上。這裏有盤古開天闢地、以身軀化育萬物的雄渾氣魄,有女媧摶土造人、煉石補天的悲憫大愛;有伏羲畫八卦、教民漁獵的文明啓蒙,有神農嘗百草、播植五穀的民生擔當;更有堯舜禪讓的賢明仁德、大禹治水的堅毅執着。這些跨越千年的神話故事,早已超脫虛構的傳說範疇,成爲中華民族精神譜系的最初源頭。 品讀全書,我由衷歎服於上古先民天馬行空、根植生活的非凡想象力。在生產力極度落後、對自然萬物充滿未知與敬畏的遠古歲月,先祖們以質樸的認知、浪漫的想象,解讀天地起源、日月更迭、風雨雷電,將對自然的敬畏、對生存的渴望、對美好的嚮往,盡數寄託於神話之中。 書中塑造的神祇與英雄,從不似虛無縹緲的天外之靈,而是兼具神性光輝與人性溫度:他們直面洪水滔天、猛獸肆虐的絕境,爲族羣存續奮勇抗爭;他們窮盡智慧破解危難,用堅韌與勇氣對抗蠻荒艱險。這份紮根現實、源於生活的神話創作,讓遠古傳說飽含人間煙火,更讓我們看見先民們在艱難困苦中,始終不滅的求生信念與對光明的執着追求。 而最觸動我心的,是書中流淌千年、融入民族血脈的精神基因與文化根魂。大禹治水十三載,三過家門而不入,以公而忘私的擔當、堅韌不拔的意志平定水患、拯救蒼生,鐫刻下中華民族不畏艱險、心繫天下的精神底色;堯舜以德化人、選賢與能,彰顯着以民爲本、天下大同的質樸理想;神農舍身嘗百草、解民疾苦,承載着無私奉獻、護佑蒼生的博大情懷。這些熠熠生輝的精神品質,經由神話代代傳承,早已深深融入華夏兒女的血脈,成爲中華民族歷經磨難而生生不息、薪火相傳的精神動力,即便歷經千年歲月洗禮,在當下依舊能給予我們直面困境、勇擔使命的精神力量。 《上古神話演義》從來不止是一部神話故事集,更是一部承載華夏早期文明、鐫刻民族初心的文化典籍。它讓我們清晰看見,華夏文明從蠻荒洪荒中一路走來,歷經無數風雨劫難卻始終綿延不絕,憑藉的正是先祖傳承下來的堅韌、智慧、善良與擔當。這些古老的神話,不是虛無縹緲的空談,而是中華民族的文化根基,是我們回望歷史、認知自我、傳承文脈的精神紐帶。 掩卷沉思,心中滿是震撼與感悟。在步履匆匆的現代社會,靜下心來品讀這部經典,既是一場奔赴遠古的文化之旅,更是一次重拾民族初心、堅定文化自信的精神修行。 身爲華夏兒女,我們理應銘記這些遠古傳奇,傳承其中蘊含的民族精神,在回望歷史、敬畏傳統中汲取力量,以先祖的智慧與勇氣立足當下,用心守護、全力傳承、奮力弘揚中華優秀傳統文化,讓千年華夏文明在新時代綻放出更加璀璨奪目的光芒。 2026年5月8日於學校

★★★★★

20260715 《上古神話演義》是鍾毓龍考據五百餘部古籍而成的傳記體小說。書中核心圍繞陽神與陰神的千年紛爭展開,陽神一派以救世安人爲任,陰神一派則意圖毀天滅地,兩派的持續衝突串聯起整部上古史。它幾乎囊括所有經典上古傳說,既有女媧造人、羿射九日等家喻戶曉的故事,也詳盡記載了相柳之禍、三苗之亂等少爲人知的傳說,同時兼具神話奇幻與歷史厚重,既描繪了神祇異獸、祕境奇觀,也展現了上古禮儀確立、部族遷徙融合、鯀禹治水艱辛等文明演進細節,堪稱“上古神話的百科全書”。

★★★★★

沒看完,看到開頭,再看後來就看不下去了。前人很辛苦,搬經據典,整理成冊,帶着自己的見解,挺好。能夠了解到一百年前老祖宗的對人對事的態度,挺好。但是也因爲全是傳說,沒有實際佐證,也就不是那麼能看的下去了。儘管如此,還是推薦,作爲對老祖宗的愛。

★★★☆☆

掛上古神話羊頭,賣儒家思想狗肉。

★★★★★

寫得不錯,跟封神榜屬性差不多。 其中提到夏朝造九鼎,五陽四陰,秦朝以後再無九鼎,也許這就是天意,九鼎至秦朝已經存在兩千多年了,一直象徵着王權,秦始皇作爲歷史上第一位始皇帝開創了諸多先河,實現神州同意,九鼎見證了歷史,或許一切都是天意吧…

★★★★★

最早是在初中校圖書館看的。一看就入迷了。五卷看完,對中國上古神話和歷史傳說有了最初的認識。這對於培養中華傳統文化意識有極好的作用。

書籍信息

作者[清]鍾毓龍/著
出版時間2025-11-10
分類歷史-歷史小說
格式EPUB
完結狀態連載中
章節數163