馬丁·路德·金的非暴力抵抗

I Have a Dream I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. 今天，我高興地與大家一起，參加這次將成爲我國曆史上爲了爭取自由而舉行的最偉大的示威集會。 Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. 一百年前，一位偉大的美國人簽署瞭解放黑奴宣言,今天我們就是在他的雕像前集會。 This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. 這一莊嚴宣言猶如燈塔的光芒，給千百萬在那摧殘生命的不義之火中受煎熬的黑奴帶來了希望。 It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of bad captivity. 它的到來猶如歡樂的黎明，結束了束縛黑人的漫漫長夜。 But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. 然而一百年後的今天，黑人還沒有得到自由。 One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. 一百年後的今天，在種族隔離的鐐銬和種族歧視的柳鎖下，黑人的生活備受壓榨。 One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. 一百年後的今天，黑人仍生活在物質充裕的海洋中一個貧困的孤島上。 One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. 一百年後的今天，黑人仍然萎縮在美國社會的角落裏，並且意識到自己是故土家園中的流亡者。 So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. 今天我們在這裏集會就是要把這種駭人聽聞的情況公諸於衆。 In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. 在某種意義上，我們來到我國首都是爲着兌支票. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence.they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. 當我們共和國的創建者們寫下憲法和獨立宣言時，就簽署了一份期票，每個美國人都有它的繼承權。 This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." 這期票是一種許諾，保證給予每一個人不可轉讓的生活、自由和追求幸福的權利。 It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." 顯而易見，今天美國在關係到她有色人種公民的問題上已對這份期票違約。美國沒有承兌這神聖的契約，而是給黑人一張空頭支票:該支票被寫上“資金不足”便被退回。 But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. 但是我們不相信正義的銀行已破產。 We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. 我們不相信這個國家機會的金庫中已存款不足。 And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. 所以我們來此兌支票，這支票將按要求給予我們自由的財富和公正的保障。 We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now. 我們來到這神聖的地點，也是爲了提醒美國記住現在極端緊迫的任務。 This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. 目前不是享受一下清靜或服用漸進主義鎮靜劑的時候。 Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. 現在該實現民主的許諾了。 Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. 現在該從種族隔離黑暗荒涼的峽谷走上種族公平的金光大道了，在該向上帝所有的孩子們打開機會的大門了之上了 Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children. 現在該把我國從種族歧視的流沙中救出，置於兄弟情誼的堅硬岩石上的時候。 It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. 如果美國忽視這一時刻的緊迫性，對於國家將會是致命的。 This sweltering summer of the Negro's Legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. 自由平等的朗朗秋日不到來，黑人順情合理哀怨的酷暑就不會過去。 Nineteen sixty-three is not an end ,but a beginning. 1963年不是一個結束，而是一個開端。 And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. 如果國家依然我行我素，那些希望黑人只需出出氣就會心滿意足的人將大失所望。 And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. 在黑人得到公民權之前，美國既不會安寧，也不會平靜。 The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges. 反抗的旋風將繼續震撼我們國家的基石，直至光輝燦爛的正義之日來臨。 But there is something that l must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: 但是，對於站在通向正義之宮艱險門檻上的人們，有一些話我必須要說： In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. 在我們爭取合法地位的過程中，切不要錯誤行事導致犯罪。我們切不要吞飲仇恨辛酸的苦酒，來解除對於自由的飲渴。 We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. 我們應該永遠得體地、紀律嚴明地進行鬥爭。我們不能容許我們富有創造性的抗議淪爲暴力行動。 Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. 我們應該不斷昇華到用靈魂力量對付肉體力量的崇高境界中去。 The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people ,for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. 席捲黑人社會的新的奇蹟般的戰鬥精神，不應導致我們對所有白人的不信任，因爲許多白人兄弟已經認識到，他們的命運同我們的命運緊密相連，他們的自由同我們的自由休慼相關。 We cannot walk alone. 我們不能獨自行進 And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. 我們一旦起步，就必須發誓勇往直前. We cannot turn back. 我們不能往回走 There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" 有人這樣問民權運動的忠實鬥士:“你們何時才能滿足?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. 只要黑人仍是警察暴行難以形容的恐怖的受害者我們就決不會滿足。 We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. 只要我們雖經旅途奔波渾身疲乏仍無法在公路或城市中租用汽車遊客旅館，我們就決不會滿足。 We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a small ghetto to a larger one. 只要黑人的基本流動方式只是從一處較小的黑人區遷到一處較大的黑人區只要密我們就決不會滿足。 We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating:“For Whites Only.” 只要還有黑人小孩被脫光掛着“白人專用”的牌子、喪失自我和尊嚴，我們就絕不滿足； We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. 密西西比州有一個黑人不能投票，只要紐約有一個黑人認爲沒有什麼東西值得他去投票，我們就不會滿足。 No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters. And righteousness like a mighty stream." 是的我們不滿足，而且我們將永不滿足，直到公正如洪水，正義如激流滾滾而來。 I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. 我並非沒有注意到，參加今天集會的人中，有些受盡苦難和折磨。 Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. 有些剛剛走出窄小的牢房，有些由於尋求自由，曾早居住地慘遭瘋狂迫害的打擊，並在警察暴行的旋風中搖搖欲墜。You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. 你們是人爲痛苦的長期受難者。堅持下去吧，要堅決相信，忍受不應得的痛苦是一種贖罪。 Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, 讓我們回到密西西比去，回到阿拉巴馬去，回到南卡羅萊納去，回到佐治亞去，回到路易斯安那去， go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities,knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. 回到我們北方城市中的貧民區和少數民族居住區去，要心中有數，這種狀況是能夠也必將改變的。 Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, 我們不要陷入絕望而不能自拔。 I say to you today, my friends. And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, 朋友們，今天我對你們說，在此時此刻，我們雖然遭受種種困難和挫折， I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. 我仍然有一個夢想。這個夢是深深紮根於美國的夢想中的。 I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed:“We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.” 我夢想有一天，這個國家會站立起來，真正實現其信條的真諦：“我們認爲這些真理是不言而喻的，人人生而平等。” I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. 我夢想有一天，在佐治亞的紅山上，昔日奴隸的兒子將能夠和昔日奴隸主的兒子坐在一起，共敘兄弟情誼。 I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice,a state sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 我夢想有一天，甚至連密西西比州這個正義匿跡，壓迫成風，如同沙漠般的地方，也將變成自由和正義的綠洲。I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color if their skin but by the content of their character. 我夢想有一天，我的四個孩子將在一個不是以他們的膚色而是以他們的品格優劣來評判他們的國度裏生活 I have a dream today!我今天有一個夢想。 I have a dream that one day ,down in Alabama, with its vicious racists with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. 我夢想有一天，阿拉巴馬州能夠有所轉變，儘管該州州長現在仍然滿口異議，反對聯邦法令，但有朝一日，那裏的黑人男孩和女孩將能夠與白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，攜手並進。 I have a dream today!我今天有一個夢想。 I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight;“and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.” 我夢想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降，坎坷曲折之路成坦途，聖光披露，滿照人間。 This is our hope. This is the faith that l go back to the South with. 這就是我們的希望。我懷着這種信念回到南方。 With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. 有了這個信念，我們將能從絕望之嶺劈出一塊希望之石。 With this faith,we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. 有了這個信念，我們將能把這個國家刺耳的爭吵聲，改變成爲一支洋溢手足之情的優美交響曲。 With this faith,we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together,to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. 有了這個信念，我們將能一起工作， 一起祈禱，一起鬥爭，一起坐牢，一起維護自由 ; 因爲我們知道，終有一天，我們是會自由的. This will be the day.This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning:My country’tis of thee,sweet land of liberty,of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died,land of the Pilgrim’s pride,form very mountainside.Let freedom ring！ 在自由到來的那一天，上帝的所有兒女們將以新的含義高唱這支歌:“我的祖國，美麗的自由之鄉，我爲您歌唱。您是父輩逝去的地方，您是最初移民的驕傲，讓自由之聲響徹每個山岡。And if America is to be a great nation,this must become true. 如果美國要成爲一個偉大的國家，這個夢想必須實現。 So let freedom ring from the prodigious hill tops of New Hampshire. 讓自由的鐘聲從新罕布什爾州的巍峨峯巔響起來! Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York! 讓自由的鐘聲從紐約州的崇山峻嶺響起來! Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania! 讓自由的鐘聲從賓夕法尼亞州阿勒格尼山的頂峯響起! Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado! 讓自由的鐘聲從科羅拉多州冰雪覆蓋的落基山響起來! Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slops of California! 讓自由的鐘聲從加利福尼亞州蜿蜒的羣峯響起來! But not only that: let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia! 不僅如此，還要讓自由的鐘聲從佐治亞州的石嶺響起來! Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee! 讓自由的鐘聲從田納西州的瞭望山響起來! Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi! 讓自由的鐘聲從密西西比州的每一座丘陵響起來! From every mountainside, let freedom ring! 讓自由的鐘聲從每一片山坡響起來。 When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city. 當我們讓自由鐘聲響起來，讓自由鐘聲從每一個大小村莊、每一個州和每一個城市響起來時。 we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:Free at last! Free at last! Thank God almighty, we a re free at last! 我們將能夠加速這一天的到來，那時，上帝的所有兒女，黑人和白人，猶太人和非猶太人，新教徒和天主教徒，都將手攜手合唱一首古老的黑人靈歌 :“終於自由啦!終於自由啦!感謝全能的上帝，我們終於自由啦! 夢想之所以偉大，不在於它是否已經完全實現，而在於它爲我們提供了一個永恆的方向，一座道德的燈塔。只要這個世界上還存在不公，只要還有人因爲膚色、信仰或出身而受到歧視，金博士的故事和他的夢想，就永遠不會過時。 它將繼續激勵着一代又一代的人，去打破沉默，去挑戰不公，去相信一個更美好的世界不僅是可能的，更是值得我們爲之奮鬥終生的。因爲，正如金博士自己所堅信的那樣：“宇宙的道德弧線很長，但它終將傾向正義。”

改變世界的從來不是暴力，而是那些敢於以脆弱之軀直面強權的人，他們用信仰對抗仇恨，用尊嚴回應壓迫，當一個人選擇跪下祈禱而非揮拳相向，他站立的身姿反而比任何武器都更有力量，這種力量源於對人性光輝的絕對信任，它證明溫柔可以比憤怒更持久，信念能夠比棍棒更堅硬，在漫長黑夜中守護火種的人，終將照亮整個時代前行的道路。