英语专业八级考试培训教程·翻译

2021年3月6日星期六祝福午安 天气晴朗 气温19℃ 《翻译（英语专业八级考试培训教程）》 这是一本很值得阅读的书 希望我可以花点时间学习 欣赏文学经典 The weather of summer is hot, while winter is cold and dreary. Both of these seasons are not for us to study. In the time of autumn, cold winds which are not at all pleasant generally blow. But spring has none of these drawbacks; the flowers bloom, the woods and grasses grow luxuriantly. The weather is mild and the air is balmy. In fact, this season seems full of good things and better fitted to be the time for doing something. 参考译文：夏季炎热，冬季阴冷，此两季均不适宜读书。秋日来临，寒风飒飒，一点也不令人喜悦。但是春天毫无这些缺憾，百花盛开，草木茂盛，气候温和，春风和煦。事实上，这一季节似乎充满美好的事物，且是更宜于工作的时间。 It was a summer afternoon. The clear blue sky was dotted with fluttering larks. The wind was still, as if it listened to their gentle singing. From the shining earth a faint smoke arose, like incense, shaken from invisible thuribles in a rhapsody of joy by hosts of unseen spirits. Such peace had fallen on the world! It seemed there was nothing but love and beauty everywhere; fragrant summer air and the laughter of happy birds. Everything listened to the singing larks in brooding thoughtlessness. Yea, even the horned snails lay stretched out on grey stones with their houses on their backs. There was no loud sound. Nothing asserted its size in a brutal tumult of wind and thunder. Nothing swaggered with a raucous noise to disarrange the perfect harmony. Even the tiny insects mounting the blades of grass with slow feet were giants in themselves and things of pride to nature. 参考译文：那是个夏日的午后。天气晴朗，碧空里星星点点的云雀在翩翩飞舞。风很静，似乎在倾听着云雀柔美的歌声。熠熠闪光的大地上升起一缕青烟，仿佛炉香缭绕，大群无影无踪的精灵正在兴高采烈地摇晃着无形的香炉。宁静笼罩着整个大地！好像到处都充满着爱和美；夏日的芬芳阵阵袭来，欢快的小鸟啁啾婉转。周围的一切都忘情地静听着云雀的歌唱。可不是吗，就连长着触角的蜗牛也驮着各自的窝棚，在青石上伸展开来。四周听不见什么喧闹声。没有任何东西以风啸雷鸣般的喧嚣显示其威势。没有任何东西以粗哑刺耳的嗓音扰乱这完美的和谐。 就连缓缓爬到草叶上的小虫也成了自行其是的庞然大物，也是大自然的杰作。 And nobody replied. But surely the larks no longer sang happily. Now the sky became immense. The world became immense, an empty dangerous vastness. And the music of the fluttering birds had an eerie lilt to it. So they felt; all except the toddling child, who still came innocently to his mother, bringing little weeds as gifts. Suddenly the merry cries of children mingled with the triumphant singing of the larks. They all paused and stood erect. Two little girls were running up the lane towards the field. Between the winding fences of the narrow lane they saw the darting white pinafores and the bobbing golden heads of the running girls. Their golden heads flashed in the sunlight. They came running, crying out joyously in trilling girlish voices. They were the two remaining children. They were coming home from school. 参考译文：谁也没搭腔。但是不消说，云雀唱得也不欢了。一下子天空一片苍茫。大地一片苍茫，空旷里透出不祥。飞鸟的歌声听着也有点瘆人。大家都感觉到了；只有那个学步的孩子什么也不懂，还在给母亲送去一把一把的小草。忽然传来了孩子的欢叫声，夹杂着云雀的凯歌声。大家放下手里的活，直起了腰。两个小姑娘沿着田垄朝地里跑来。她们奔跑在蜿蜒的篱笆间，在那条窄道上，只见连身白围裙前后飞动，一头金发上下跳动。金发在阳光下闪闪发光。她们边跑边喊，那少女的颤音好不欢快。她们是这家的另外两个孩子，刚刚放学回家。 Thoughts in Westminster Abbey When I am in a serious humour, I very often walk by myself in Westminster Abbey; where the gloominess of the place, and the use which it is applied, with the solemnity of the building, and the condition of the people who lie in it, are apt to fill the mind with a kind of melancholy, or rather thoughtfulness, that is not disagreeable. I yesterday passed a whole afternoon in the churchyard, the cloisters, and the church, amusing myself with the tombstones and inscriptions that I met with in those several regions of the dead. Most of them recorded nothing else of the buried person, but that he was born upon one day, and died upon another: the whole history of his life being comprehended in those two circumstances, which are common to all mankind. I could not but look upon these regis­ters of existence, whether of brass or marble, as a kind of satire upon the departed persons; who had left no other memorial of them, but that they were born and that they died. They put me in mind of several persons mentioned in the battles of heroic poems, who have sounding names given them, for no other reason but that they may be killed, and are celebrated for nothing but being knocked on the head. The life of these men is finely described in holy writ by “the path of an arrow”, which is immediately closed up and lost. Upon my going into the church, I entertained myself with the digging of a grave; and saw in every shovelful of it that was thrown up, the fragment of a bone or skull intermixt with a kind of fresh mouldering earth, that some time or other had a place in the composition of a human body. Upon this I began to consider with myself what innumerable multitudes of people lay confused together un­der the pavement of that ancient cathedral; how men and women, friends, and enemies, priests and soldiers, monks and prebendaries, were crumbled amongst one another, and blended together in the same common mass; how beauty, strength, and youth, with old age, weakness and deformity, lay undistinguished in the same promiscuous heap of matter. 参考译文： 威斯敏斯特教堂内的遐想 每当心情沉重的时候，我总是独自一人去威斯敏斯特教堂；那里肃穆的气氛，教堂特有的神职，庄重的建筑，在那里安息的人们的身份地位，无不给人的心里注满一种忧郁，或不妨说令人沉思，令人欣然。昨天我在教堂草地、回廊和教堂里度过了整整一个下午，在好几个墓区里，打量墓碑和碑文，聊以自娱。大部分的墓碑上只刻着死者姓名和生卒年月：人们对其一生的了解也只在于人类所共有的生死两字。对于那些逝去的人们的生死记录，不管是刻在铜牌上还是刻在大理石碑上，我都不由自主地将它们看作是对死者的一种讽刺；他们没有留下任何别的记录，只是生与死。他们使我想到了英雄诗歌中描写战争时提到的几个人物，他们有响亮的名字，不为别的原因，只是因为他们可能战死沙场，只是因为他们牺牲的壮烈而被人纪念。圣经中的句子“如箭飞过”恰如其分地描写了这些人的一生：一闪而过，不见踪影。 我走进教堂，观看别人挖一座坟墓；只见挖出来的每一铲新的腐土中，都混杂着骨头或头颅的碎块，曾几何时，这些碎块还是人身体的一部分呢。看见这个情景，我暗自思忖，在这座古老的大教堂的甬路底下，混埋着何等众多的人啊；男人和女人，朋友和敌人，牧师和士兵，修士和受俸牧师，全都变成了碎块，混在一起；美丽、强壮、年轻的人和年老、力衰、畸形的人，毫无区别地混为黄土一堆。 What I Have Lived For —Bertrand Russell Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heavens that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what—at last—I have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me. 参考译文： 一生何求？ ——伯特兰·罗素 有三种简单然而无比强烈的激情左右了我的一生：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难以忍受的怜悯。这些激情像巨风，无处不在、反复无常地吹拂着我，吹过深重的苦海，濒于绝境。 我寻找爱，首先是因为它使人心醉神迷——这种陶醉是如此的美妙，使我愿意牺牲所有的余生去换取几个小时这样的欣喜。我寻找爱，还因为它解除孤独——在可怕的孤独中，一颗颤抖的灵魂从世界的边缘看到冰冷、无底、死寂的深渊。最后，我寻找爱，还因为在爱的交融中，神秘而又具体而微地，我看到了圣贤和诗人们想象出的天堂的前景。这就是我所寻找的，而且，虽然对人生来说似乎过于美妙，这也是我终于找到了的。 以同样的激情我探索知识。我希望能够理解人类的心灵。我希望能够知道群星为何闪烁。我试图领悟毕达哥拉斯所景仰的数字力量，它支配着此消彼长。仅在不大的一定程度上，我达到了此目的。 爱和知识，只要有可能，通向着天堂。但是怜悯总把我带回尘世。痛苦呼喊的回声回荡在我的内心。忍饥挨饿的孩子，惨遭压迫者摧残的受害者，被儿女们视为可憎的负担的无助的老人，连同这整个充满了孤独、贫穷和痛苦的世界，使人类所应有的生活成为了笑柄。我渴望能够减少邪恶，但是我无能为力，而且我自己也在忍受折磨。 这就是我的一生。我发现它值得一过。如果再给我一次机会，我会很高兴地再活它一次。 But if the open air and adventure mean everything to Defoe they mean nothing to Jane Austen. Hers is the drawing room and people talking and by the many mirrors of their talk revealing their characters. And if, when we have accustomed ourselves to the drawing room and its reflections, we turn to Hardy……

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看了一点点，不理解为什么简单的直译和意译这种表达要用抽象成语代替，然后再解释用这个成语多么合适贴切。像多绕一个弯很别扭。

感觉一般，收集了一些翻译素材