高中英語讀寫一體化教程 初階

點評：乾貨較多，很喜歡！ 序言 ◆ 主要是培養學生寫好語篇中的主題句、過渡句和結尾句。 第二章 長句升級 ◆ 2025/04/17發表想法 語篇銜接的手段 原文：二）語篇銜接的其他手段 其實，只要作文的上下句之間存在邏輯關係，就需要用到表邏輯關係的詞。除了並列連詞，這類邏輯詞也可能是副詞、介詞短語等。 以下是常用的此類邏輯詞或表達： 平行關係 連詞：and, not only… but also… 副詞：similarly, equally, likewise, at the same time, in the meanwhile 轉折關係 連詞：but, yet, while, whereas 副詞：however, nevertheless, on the contrary, conversely, unexpectedly, unfortunately, by contrast 選擇關係 連詞：or, whether… or… 副詞：alternatively 因果關係 連詞：for, so 副詞：therefore, thus, consequently, as a result 遞進關係副詞：then, besides, furthermore, moreover, additionally, subsequently, in addition ◆ 二）語篇銜接的其他手段其實，只要作文的上下句之間存在邏輯關係，就需要用到表邏輯關係的詞。除了並列連詞，這類邏輯詞也可能是副詞、介詞短語等。以下是常用的此類邏輯詞或表達：平行關係連詞：and, not only… but also…副詞：similarly, equally, likewise, at the same time, in the meanwhile轉折關係連詞：but, yet, while, whereas副詞：however, nevertheless, on the contrary, conversely, unexpectedly, unfortunately, by contrast選擇關係連詞：or, whether… or…副詞：alternatively因果關係連詞：for, so副詞：therefore, thus, consequently, as a result遞進關係副詞：then, besides, furthermore, moreover, additionally, subsequently, in addition ◆ 副詞、介詞短語不能連接兩個句子，所以前一個句子應用句號，但仍能表達前後兩個句子之間的邏輯關係。副詞、介詞短語和連詞的區別在於，連詞前要麼是逗號，要麼沒有標點符號；副詞、介詞短語前一定是句號。 ◆ （因果關係，介詞短語；平行關係，介詞短語；遞進，副詞） ◆ 拓展練習1.在下面文段中的適當位置加入合適的並列連詞、邏輯詞或表達，使其更加流暢。 第二節 複合句 ◆ 2025/04/17發表想法 這本書最大的好處是題型例子豐富多樣，質量高，上課可以直接用！ 原文：拓展練習 1.判斷下列從句屬於哪一類名詞性從句。 1)She said that the book was based on a true story.( ) 2)That he won first prize delighted me.( ◆ 拓展練習1.判斷下列從句屬於哪一類名詞性從句。1)She said that the book was based on a true story.( )2)That he won first prize delighted me.( 第三章 連句成段 ◆ 主題句(topic sentence)是用來表達文章的中心思想或段落大意的句子，是篇章的靈魂。主題句是對文章主題思想加以闡述、說明或論證，是語義層層擴展、步步深入的核心。 ◆ 主題句傳達段落的中心思想。在英語寫作中，主題句符合英語開門見山、直截了當的思維習慣和表達方式。主題句對一個段落的發展和組織起着指導和制約作用，對英語學習者在寫作思維方面具有模塑作用，使其更加清晰和有條理地組織語言、表達觀點。 ◆ 二　主題句的特點主題句的內容特點是完整、清楚、具體。我們在寫主題句的時候，要避免主題句不完整(incomplete)、不清楚(unclear)或過於籠統(general)。假如作文題目是The Advantage ofTravel, 試比較以下幾組主題句，選出最符合此話題的主題句。 ◆ （二）主題句在段尾主題句在段尾可以加強語氣、營造氛圍和產生懸念，給讀者留下深刻的印象。 ◆ 2025/04/17發表想法 主題句的寫作類型 原文：四　主題句的寫作方法 好的主題句能吸引讀者開始閱讀，並且能夠讓讀者繼續往下閱讀。爲了達到吸引讀者往下閱讀和點明文章主題的目的，在寫主題句的時候，我們可以採用以下幾種寫作方法： （一）開門見山式 開門見山，即用簡單明瞭的語言引出文章的話題，使讀者開篇就能瞭解文章的主要內容。 典句引領 Smoking is harmful to people's health. A recent UN survey shows that 95 percent of lung cancer patients were smokers, and it was smoking that caused them to suffer from the deadly disease. As we all know, people who do not smoke often suffer from the polluted air caused by smokers. That is why they are often called passive smokers, of whom, the biggest sufferers are the relatives and friends of the smokers. 這一段圍繞“吸菸有害健康”這個主題，首先通過調查數據直接有力地表明瞭吸菸對人們健康的危害，隨後以as we all know這個過渡詞組引出被動吸菸者也深受吸菸危害這個概念，最後指出吸菸者的親戚朋友是最大的受害者，讓人們更加警醒於吸菸的危害。 即學即練3 寫出主題句。 1)___________She(Mrs. Li)often helps her students with their studies, and her class is usually lively and interesting. Not only does she teach them lessons but also she helps them to gain the ability to learn the lessons. In addition, she also puts great value on the student's extra-curricular activities, which, of course, will serve them well in the future. 2)___________People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. （二）引用名言式 引用名人名言可以使文章更有說服力，增加文章的文采。但是選擇正確的名言對於學生來說並不是那麼簡單，需要學生平時的大量閱讀和積累，以及對文章和名言內容的精確理解和合理運用。 ◆ 四　主題句的寫作方法好的主題句能吸引讀者開始閱讀，並且能夠讓讀者繼續往下閱讀。爲了達到吸引讀者往下閱讀和點明文章主題的目的，在寫主題句的時候，我們可以採用以下幾種寫作方法：（一）開門見山式開門見山，即用簡單明瞭的語言引出文章的話題，使讀者開篇就能瞭解文章的主要內容。典句引領Smoking is harmful to people's health. A recent UN survey shows that 95 percent of lung cancer patients were smokers, and it was smoking that caused them to suffer from the deadly disease. As we all know, people who do not smoke often suffer from the polluted air caused by smokers. That is why they are often called passive smokers, of whom, the biggest sufferers are the relatives and friends of the smokers.這一段圍繞“吸菸有害健康”這個主題，首先通過調查數據直接有力地表明瞭吸菸對人們健康的危害，隨後以as we all know這個過渡詞組引出被動吸菸者也深受吸菸危害這個概念，最後指出吸菸者的親戚朋友是最大的受害者，讓人們更加警醒於吸菸的危害。即學即練3寫出主題句。1)___________She(Mrs. Li)often helps her students with their studies, and her class is usually lively and interesting. Not only does she teach them lessons but also she helps them to gain the ability to learn the lessons. In addition, she also puts great value on the student's extra-curricular activities, which, of course, will serve them well in the future.2)___________People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.（二）引用名言式引用名人名言可以使文章更有說服力，增加文章的文采。但是選擇正確的名言對於學生來說並不是那麼簡單，需要學生平時的大量閱讀和積累，以及對文章和名言內容的精確理解和合理運用。 ◆ 2025/04/17發表想法 主題句的類型 原文：start saving up for our future. It was then I realized that_______. 2)________If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don't even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you'll find it really rewarding. （三）一問一答式 以問題的形式開頭可以激發讀者的閱讀興趣，引發讀者的思考，自然地引出文章的主題。通常對問題的回答就是主題句。 典句引領 What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe that the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, even on TV and the radio, you will hear differences in the way people speak. 本段在一開始就提出問題：“什麼是標準英語？標準英語通常在哪些地方使用？”而“Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.”這個句子剛好回答了段首的問題。後面的內容對這個句子進行補充說明，所以這個句子就是段落的主題句。 即學即練5 寫出主題句。 Did you know that about 55%of communication is nonverbal? _______I find that the key to a successful conversation in a foreign language(in any language I should say)is to speak to people not only in their spoken language but also with the body language they know best. （四）轉折對比式（反面觀點式） 以某一個觀點和相關細節開頭，隨後通過轉折或對比突出主題。 典句引領 Festivals are celebrated around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. 這段話前面講了節日慶祝的原因多種多樣，後面強調儘管原因很多，但是節日背後傳達的精神是相同的。最後一句中的however表明了句子的重心在此，這一句是本段的主題句。 即學即練6 寫出主題句。 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence._______For example, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland all have their different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup! （五）歸納總結式 段落採用由細節到歸納的方式展開，即表述具體細節的句子在前，概述總結性的句子在後。主題句通常位於段尾，前面的句子爲支撐句。段落的結構爲：“支撐句+主題句”。 ◆ start saving up for our future. It was then I realized that_______.2)________If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don't even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you'll find it really rewarding.（三）一問一答式以問題的形式開頭可以激發讀者的閱讀興趣，引發讀者的思考，自然地引出文章的主題。通常對問題的回答就是主題句。典句引領What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe that the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, even on TV and the radio, you will hear differences in the way people speak.本段在一開始就提出問題：“什麼是標準英語？標準英語通常在哪些地方使用？”而“Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.”這個句子剛好回答了段首的問題。後面的內容對這個句子進行補充說明，所以這個句子就是段落的主題句。即學即練5寫出主題句。Did you know that about 55%of communication is nonverbal? _______I find that the key to a successful conversation in a foreign language(in any language I should say)is to speak to people not only in their spoken language but also with the body language they know best.（四）轉折對比式（反面觀點式）以某一個觀點和相關細節開頭，隨後通過轉折或對比突出主題。典句引領Festivals are celebrated around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.這段話前面講了節日慶祝的原因多種多樣，後面強調儘管原因很多，但是節日背後傳達的精神是相同的。最後一句中的however表明了句子的重心在此，這一句是本段的主題句。即學即練6寫出主題句。The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence._______For example, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland all have their different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!（五）歸納總結式段落採用由細節到歸納的方式展開，即表述具體細節的句子在前，概述總結性的句子在後。主題句通常位於段尾，前面的句子爲支撐句。段落的結構爲：“支撐句+主題句”。 第二節 過渡句 ◆ 第二節　過渡句一篇好作文不僅應該內容豐富、情節合理，而且應該結構清晰、富有邏輯性。過渡句承上啓下，使作文內容銜接自然、表達流暢、意義連貫，是一篇好作文不可或缺的重要因素。 ◆ 過渡句的概念 ◆ 承接或總結上文，開啓、引起或提示下文。 ◆ 過渡句①順利地用簡的身體虛弱反襯出她的努力掙扎求助。過渡句②自然地引出了簡一系列動作的意圖。過渡詞③從情感上進行了轉折，預示着苦盡甘來。過渡詞④表示故事場景的轉換。過渡詞⑤是並列邏輯詞，表明前後句之間的關係。 ◆ 過渡句在上下文中起橋樑和接榫作用，使行文自然、語氣連貫、脈絡清晰、結構嚴謹，有助於表現主題思想。如果缺乏合理過渡，文章的意義表達就會不清晰，造成讀者思路的混亂。 ◆ 三　過渡句的類型（一）並列遞進類通過遞進的方式，將同類型的多個事物按先後順序來呈現，凸顯其特點、共性、差異和聯繫。 ◆ 轉折讓步類 ◆ 因果關係 ◆ 時間過渡類 ◆ 比較對比類 ◆ 解釋舉例類 ◆ ）總結概括類 ◆ 過渡